American Psychologists and Wartime Research on Germany, 1941-1945
نویسنده
چکیده
During World War II, behavioral scientists working for several U.S. agencies—principally the Office of Strategic Services, but also the Office of War Information, the Strategic Bombing Survey, and military authorities—advanced personality and social psychology through their investigations of the nature of Nazism, Adolf Hitler's personality, the German national character, and Germans' reactions to the war. Studies by Erik Erikson, Walter Longer, Henry Murray, and others illustrate psychologists' efforts to meld professional and patriotic interests. Although not uniformly successful, and apparently without influence on the conduct of the war and occupation, these works were sometimes innovative and generally anticipated psychology's increased status, influence, and interaction with other disciplines and with the government after the war.
منابع مشابه
"I Cannot Get Along without the Books I Find Here": The American Library in Paris during the War, Occupation, and Liberation, 1939-1945
The American Library in Paris remained open to readers throughout World War II, and its history during the darkest period of the occupation is a tribute to the leadership and courage of an American-born countess, Clara Longworth de Chambrun, and her small but dedicated staff. This article presents the drama as it unfolded—-through the phony war, the fall of Paris, and the bleak years following ...
متن کاملThe killing of psychiatric patients in Nazi Germany between 1939-1945.
Between 1939 and 1945, 180,000 psychiatric patients were killed in Nazi Germany. This paper opens with a brief discussion of the reasons for addressing this issue today; it is followed by the details of the so-called euthanasia program that entailed killing of patients by gas in special hospitals in the years 1939-1941, and in psychiatric hospitals in the years 1942-1945. In this latter period,...
متن کاملBlood and Blood Derivatives for the American People *
Interest in the development of programs to supply blood and its derivatives for civilian use is rapidly becoming widespread among health departments, medical societies, and hospitals. The wartime program of the American National Red Cross, sponsored by the Army and the Navy, made blood and its derivatives readily available to the armed forces, and their use has overwhelmingly demonstrated the g...
متن کامل"Lena not the only one": representations of Lena Horne and Etta Moten in the Kansas City Call, 1941-1945.
" Why should Hollywood writers insist that Miss [Lena] Horne is the only good looking [black] woman in the U.S.A. who can act? " posed a wartime issue of The Call (Kansas City, Missouri). 1 Writers at The Call, the regional black newspaper, understood that this Hollywood tokenism, which framed Horne as exceptional, perpetuated white supremacy by substituting symbolic equality for tangible civil...
متن کاملLoeffler's syndrome (transient pulmonary infiltrations with eosinophilia); report of a case and a review of the available literature.
HISTORICAL In 1932, William Loeffler, Professor of Medicine at the University of Zurich, described the syndrome that bears his name. Briefly described, the syndrome is characterized by a mild group of symptoms, a scarcity of physical signs, a blood eosinophilia varying from less than 10 per cent to more than 60 per cent, a benign course and spontaneous healing usually within a period of two to ...
متن کامل